They are as mutually intelligible as are swedish and greek. Finnish, hungarian words all posts, unique hungarian nyilt es zart e a magyar nyelvben. Hungarian has virtually no mutual intelligibility with either estonian or finnish. Germanic language mutual intelligibility best, people. Mutual intelligibility of languages in the slavic family. I recently saw a video on youtube explaining the mutual intelligibility between russian and ukrainian. On the other hand, speakers of closely related languages can often communicate with each other to a fair degree. Pdf the influence of extralinguistic factors on mutual. Germanic language mutual intelligibility best, people, english, finnish user name. Oct 06, 2014 germanic language mutual intelligibility best, people, english, finnish.
And also some that are not indoeuropean at all, like basque, finnish, estonian and hungarian. Please register to participate in our discussions with 2 million other members its free and quick. Languages of sweden wikimili, the best wikipedia reader. Otherwise, finnish and hungarian are not similar at all.
It is a north germanic language and quite similar to its sister scandinavian languages, danish and norwegian, with which it maintains partial mutual intelligibility and forming a dialect continuum. But most i talk with speaks danish only, and that works fine too. Germanic language mutual intelligibility finnish, cultures. Mutual intelligibility and example ability of two people to understand each other when speaking. The sound of the karelian language numbers, greetings. It is a north germanic language and quite similar to its sister scandinavian languages, danish and norwegian, with which it maintains partial mutual intelligibility and forming. Reading tends to be significantly easier in my experience.
Nov 30, 2010 norwegian, danish, and swedishmutually intelligible posted by kari on nov 30, 2010 in language. In fact, uygur probably differs less from turkish than some dialects within germany and italy,for example. Another important point is that homer recognises that the speech of trojans and greeks was mutually intelligible. I was told by a finnish friend that they dont have significant amounts of vocabulary in common, but my estonian friend said finnish wasnt too tough to learn. The emphasis in instruc tion is everywhere on speech, and an indispensable component of the learning process is the voice of the instructor, whose native language is hungarian. Estonian is distantly related to hungarian there is no mutual intelligibility between the two. By means of a largescale webbased investigation, we established the degree of mutual intelligibility of 16 closely related spoken languages within the germanic, slavic and romance language. Finnish swedish there are lexical borrowings of swedish into finnish, but they are from different language families, and i dont think mutually intelligible at all. As europes two main uralic languages, how mutually. Hungarian language and sumerian linguistic and historic. Traditionally, eight finnic languages have been recognized. Simon talbot on translating jokes from danish to english russell.
Hes the site administrator and i am waiting for him to give me some site tools i need to help administer the site. The uralic languages with the most native speakers are hungarian, finnish, and estonian, which are official languages in hungary. The finnic fennic or baltofinnic baltofennic, baltic finnic, baltic fennic languages are a branch of the uralic language family spoken around the baltic sea by finnic peoples. East karelian dialects have little mutual intelligibility with finnish. Are latvian, lithuanian and estonian mutually intelligible. At most the occasional estonian finnish word may be vaguely discernible to a monoglot hungarian and viceversa, but differences in grammar and phonology provide enough hurdles to reduce mutual intelligibility to something next to 0. Mutual intelligibility among the slavic languages beyond.
How much, if anything at all, do finns understand hungarian. It has been influenced by swedish, german initially middle low german, later also standard german, russian, and latvian, though it is not related to them genetically. Excluding hungarian, the uralic languages form two geographically continuous language chains along major waterways. Includes the most commonly used words in finnish today. Estonian, finnish would find certain aspects of hungarian to. As for mutual intelligibility, i know that several turkish embassy officers i dealt with in bishkek could understand the kyrgyz and viceversa. Translation for mutual in the free englishfinnish dictionary and many other finnish translations. Linguists use the criterion of mutual intelligibility to determine whether the speech of two different groups represents two distinct languages, or two dialects of a single language. Just to give you an example, one of the most used weather forecast websites in sweden is yr. Turkish language difficulty and mutual intelligibility.
The major modern representatives of the family are finnish and estonian, the. Danish, swedish and norwegian are said to have very high mutual intelligibility to the point that everyone just speaks in their own language in the scandinavian countries, with icelandic and faroese constituting another branch which is not as much as mutually intelligible. Southern slovakia on the hungarian border has a harder time understanding polish because they do not hear it much. Finnish hungarian same family, but different languages, no mutual intelligibility. As noticed, there are several aspects by which linguistic distances ld between a certain pair of languages may differ. Germanic language mutual intelligibility people, living. Why do the nordic countries have different languages.
The paths of finnish and hungarian separated 6000 years ago. As i do not speak japanese it is of little use to me also, it appears to have been published in 1991 the 2 english estonian textbooks i have been studying are quite old texts and the language has moved on, especially in the idioms of conversational language. I understand that the hungarian and finnish languages are. These mutually intelligible languages will make you do a.
Mutual intelligibility of finnish and estonian vocabulary. Hungarian and sumerian linguistic and historic comparisons. It is sometimes used as an important criterion for distinguishing languages from dialects, although sociolinguistic factors are often also used. Mutual intelligibility between closely related languages. University of groningen mutual intelligibility in the. Dec 23, 2006 some decades ago, i visited hungary and the russianspeaking interpreter told us that there was no mutual intelligibility between hungarian and finnish. Jan 31, 2019 hungarian and finnish exist on the polar opposite ends of this language chain. Mutual int elligibility of languages in the slavic family hvar, vis, korcula, peljesac, the dalmatian coast at zadar and split, and inland at gacka. Mutual intelligibility between west and south slavic languages. A string of dialects may be mutually intelligible, but not transitive e.
Five national minority languages are also recognized by swedish law. Help us in creating the largest finnish hungarian dictionary online. A language is a dialect with an army had there not been a political division, swedish, danish and norwegian would almost certainly be considered dialects of a common language. Norwegian, danish, and swedishmutually intelligible. Is estonian mutually intelligible with finnish unilang. Hungarian and finnish exist on the polar opposite ends of this language chain. Im sum it up by saying that at least as a finn, i can get the gist of a piece of written estonian, but speech i can barely understand, apart from. Their mutual intelligibility varies greatly, both between the dialects themselves as well as with other languages. Pdf mutual intelligibility between west and south slavic. In the present study we tested the level of mutual intelligibility between three west slavic czech, slovak and polish and three south slavic languages croatian, slovene and bulgarian. Germanic language mutual intelligibility austrians. Its important to note that mutual intelligibility is highly subjective. Finnishhungarianenglish speaking, speech recognizing, on.
There are around 7 million speakers who live mainly in finland and estonia. In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort. A finnish speaker, even though he does not understand hungarian, or vice versa, a hungarian speaker with no knowledge about finnish, is charmed by the fact that both in hungarian and in finnish the vowels and consonants are evenly distributed, in contrast with slavic or germanic languages in which heavily packed groups of consonants could be met. Hungarian shows the most similarity to the endangered language of mansi spoken in western siberia but mutual intelligibility is low. The pdf files can be copied for viewing on your smartphone or your ipad using the ibooks app. It may be orthography, morphologylexicon, or phonetics. The aim of the experiment reported in this paper was therefore to exclude the influence of extralinguistic factors on mutual intelligibility see section 2, and to compare our intelligibility. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. When i was working my way up the finnish ladder, i got comments from lots of people saying that it was similar to hungarian, and interestingly when learning hungarian now, i dont get the reverse as often or ever, actually, come to think of it. Estonianfinnishhungarian cheat sheet specific languages. Also, there is an article on wikipedia called mutual intelligibility, and it has a nice list of mutually intelligible languages. Some linguists claim that mutual intelligibility is, ideally at least, the primary criterion separating languages from dialects.
These mutually intelligible languages will make you do a double take. I halaszs condemnation of scholarly work on these languages is unfortunate. A great companion for finnish language learners, from beginner to intermediate level. On no account should the student attempt to use these iv. Glosbe is a collaborative project and every one can add and remove translations. Finnish and estonian are much more similar, but different enough, so that people from one country usually cant intuitively follow discussion in other language.
The relationship between the finnish and the hungarian languages. The english language is just as germanic as any other germanic languages, and belongs to the west germanic branch. Anecdotally, i have heard that latvian might be a bit easi. It belongs to the finnougric family along with estonian and hungarian. The common origin of hungarian and finnish and many other languages in a large uralic family was established over 200. Its rare to meet a dane who speaks swedish, but it does happen sometimes, i can very much imagine thats around % or so. Mutual intelligibility between german and dutch i am a native dutch speaker who also knows a bit of german. Norwegian, danish, and swedishmutually intelligible posted by kari on nov 30, 2010 in language. Latvian shares some of its vocabulary with lithuanian, however, not enough for comprehension without studying the other language like one would any other foreign language. Later on in the taxi ride back to our hotel, the danish man, myself, and a finnish woman were sitting in the back of the van together. Learn finnish while you sleep 5 hours basic words and. Some forums can only be seen by registered members. Azeri, bcmssc, czech, estonian, finnish, hungarian, korean, latin, northern saami, polish.
The main reason for this uniqueness is finnish culture, borne and permeated by the finnish language. Indoeuropean languages are so overpresented that people never think that english and farsi would be mutually intelligible, b. Moreover, there is no mutual intelligibility between chuvash and other turkic languages, even though 50% of their vocabulary consists of the same turkic words. Some decades ago, i visited hungary and the russianspeaking interpreter told us that there was no mutual intelligibility between hungarian and finnish. Finnish mathias carlsen and max muller used turan to denote the collection of turks, hungarians, finns, estonians, and. The government political structure is parliamentary democracy. By laila laura welch introduction language is considered by many to be an essential element of a culture, in that language creates continuity between generations and acts as a conduit for communication of cultural practices. All of those are germanic except finnish which belongs to the uralic language family and is therefore more related to hungarian and estonian. There are conflicting reports about the mutual intelligibility of turkic languages, but still, they differ much less among each other than say,the germanic or romance languages. It makes our dictionary finnish hungarian real, as it is created by native speakers people, that uses language for every day. Dutchgerman dialect continuum its a matter of degree, no clearcut intelligibility test theres no such thing as languages. Yes but im wondering about mutual intelligibility how much can speakers understand each other like hungarian and finnish are from same language family but not so intelligible with each otherwhereas say tamil and malayalamif you know one you can follow the other quite easilysimilar to the case in scandinavian languages. As for the 3 north germanic languages swedish, danish and norwegian, those are probably some of the most mutual intelligibility languages in the world. I would say that swedish, danish and norwegian can be to a fairly high degree mutually intelligible, but it depends a lot on dialects, and there are a lot of dialects spread out across the region.
Hungarian magyar and more than 95% of the people speak hungarian as a native language. Pdf mutual intelligibility of languages in the slavic. The grey areas that are not marked, are areas that are traditionally mainly nonscandinavian speaking, like finnish. Mutual intelligibility of finnish and estonian is the topic of an ongoing finnish estonian project called remu. How mutually intelligible are the finnish language and the danish language and the faroese language and the icelandic language and the norwegian language and the swedish language to each other. Finnish hungarian english speaking, speech recognizing, online dictionary and thesaurus finnhun. Nov 15, 20 as for the 3 north germanic languages swedish, danish and norwegian, those are probably some of the most mutual intelligibility languages in the world. Measuring mutual intelligibility in scandinavia sebastian kurschner, s. Neither germanic like swedish, german, or english nor slavonic like polish and ukrainian, finnish is a uralic language, and is thus related to estonian, saam lappish, and much more distantly to hungarian. Germanic language mutual intelligibility spaniard, finland, people, greek user name. Between sources, you might find some claiming that two languages are mutually intelligible, while other sources claim those same languages arent. The uralic languages with the most native speakers are hungarian, finnish, and estonian, while other significant languages are erzya, moksha, mari, udmurt, sami and komi, spoken in northern regions of.
Just thinking about my own mother tongue, if i talked like i did in 1991 i would get. Jason needs to get off his lazy ass and help me with the site. The grammar is similar, though once again they differ in some minor ways which would hinder mutual intelligibility if you are unfamiliar with estonian grammar as a finnish speaker, for instance. How mutually intelligible are the finnish language and the. Kajkavian has higher mutual intelligibility with slovene than the national varieties of shtokavian, while chakavian has a low mutual intelligibility with either, in part due to large number of loanwords from venetian. I only speakunderstand finnish because i used to live in northern parts of estonia in the last years of soviet rule. Mutual intelligibility wikimili, the best wikipedia reader. Swedish is the official language of sweden and is spoken by the vast majority of the 10 million inhabitants of the country. Hungarian is even more isolated due to its peoples history of conquering while traveling across europe toward hungary.
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